Intro to Cells of the Nervous System
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Biology 2: Physiology
Summary
This content delves into the intricate structure and functions of neurons and glial cells, which are pivotal to understanding the nervous system's operational framework.
- Introduction to neuron structure, highlighting the soma, dendrites, axon, axon hillock, synaptic buttons, Schwann cells, and nodes of Ranvier.
- Explanation of action potential propagation and the role of myelin in speeding up neural impulses.
- Distinction between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) myelin sheath cells: Schwann cells in the PNS and oligodendrocytes in the CNS.
- Overview of six major categories of glial cells, their functions, and differences between those in the CNS and PNS.
- Discussion on astrocytes and satellite cells' roles in nourishment, structure, and ion balance, alongside microglia's immune function.
Chapters
00:00
Neuron Structure and Function
02:31
Myelin and Speed of Impulse
04:16
Glial Cells: Support and Protection
06:14
Astrocytes and Satellite Cells
08:18
Microglia and Immune Function